Preface
Avalanche-Diode Voltage References 1
Bandgap Voltage References 3
Bandgap Reference Design 7
Widlar Bandgap Reference 9
Differential Bandgap Reference 10
Shunt-Feedback Voltage Reference 16
Shunt-Feedback Voltage Reference Example 18
VBE Multiplier Voltage Reference 19
Current Sources 21
VBE-Multiplier Current Source Example 24
Howland Op-Amp Current Source
Bipolar Simulated Resistance 31
Inverting Howland Current Source 32
Voltage to Current (V/I) Converter 33
Current Mirrors as Current Sources 34
Filters 36
Resonant-Circuit Filters 36
Op-Amp Filters 42
Hysteretic Switches (Schmitt Triggers) 48
Discrete Logic Circuits 51
Clamps and Limiters 54
Baker Anti-Saturation Clamps 54
Op-Amp Clamps 57
Foldback Current Limiter 58
Multivibrators and Timing Circuits 59
Capacitance and Resistance Multipliers 69
Timer with Capacitance Multiplier 70
Trigger Generators 72
Triggering Modes 78
Ramp and Sweep Generators 80
Logarithmic and Exponential Amplifiers 84
Log- Amp Design 86
Implicit Function Generation 90
Translinear Function Generation 93
Square-Root Circuit Example 96
Root Sum of Squares (RSS) Circuits, 98
Triangle-Wave Generators 101
TWG Dynamic Amplitude Control 108
Incremental Log-Sweep Scheme 112
Triangle-to-Sine Conversion 113
Absolute-Value Circuits 116
Peak Detectors 123
References 126
Electrical Quantities Both Encode and Represent Information 130
Digital-to-Analog Converters 132
Digital-to-Analog Converter Circuits 144
Parallel-Feedback ADCs 148
Integrating ADCs 155
Modified Dual-Slope ADC 157
Bipolar Modified Dual-Slope ADC 163
S-D ADCs 165
Simple mC-Based S-D ADCs 167
Σ-Δ ADC Dynamics 172
ADC Input Ranging 173
Two-Resistor Bipolar-to-Unipolar Conversion 174
General Bipolar-to-Unipolar Conversion 175
Design Procedure 177
Noise Rejection and Integration Time 179
Voltage-to-Frequency Converters 181
Parallel and Recursive Conversion Techniques 186
Time-Domain Sampling Theory 190
Frequency-Domain Sampling Theory 193
The Sampling Theorem (Nyquist Criterion) 200
Sampling Circuits 204
Switched-Capacitor Circuits 209
Closure 211
Index A-Z 212
216 numbered pages
222 printed and total pages