Waveform-Processing Circuits

Table of Contents

Preface

Waveform-Processing Circuits

Avalanche-Diode Voltage References 1

Bandgap Voltage References 3

   Bandgap Reference Design 7

   Widlar Bandgap Reference 9

   Differential Bandgap Reference 10

Shunt-Feedback Voltage Reference 16

   Shunt-Feedback Voltage Reference Example 18

VBE Multiplier Voltage Reference 19

Current Sources 21

   VBE-Multiplier Current Source Example 24

   Howland Op-Amp Current Source

   Bipolar Simulated Resistance 31

   Inverting Howland Current Source 32

   Voltage to Current (V/I) Converter 33

   Current Mirrors as Current Sources 34

Filters 36

   Resonant-Circuit Filters 36

   Op-Amp Filters 42

Hysteretic Switches (Schmitt Triggers) 48

Discrete Logic Circuits 51

Clamps and Limiters 54

   Baker Anti-Saturation Clamps 54

   Op-Amp Clamps 57

   Foldback Current Limiter 58

Multivibrators and Timing Circuits 59

Capacitance and Resistance Multipliers 69

   Timer with Capacitance Multiplier 70

Trigger Generators 72

   Triggering Modes 78

Ramp and Sweep Generators 80

Logarithmic and Exponential Amplifiers 84

  Log- Amp Design 86

Implicit Function Generation 90

 Translinear Function Generation 93

  Square-Root Circuit Example 96

  Root Sum of Squares (RSS) Circuits, 98

Triangle-Wave Generators 101

   TWG Dynamic Amplitude Control 108

   Incremental Log-Sweep Scheme 112

   Triangle-to-Sine Conversion 113

Absolute-Value Circuits 116

Peak Detectors 123

References 126

Digitizing and Sampling Circuits

Electrical Quantities Both Encode and Represent Information 130

Digital-to-Analog Converters 132

Digital-to-Analog Converter Circuits 144

Parallel-Feedback ADCs   148

Integrating ADCs  155

   Modified Dual-Slope ADC 157

   Bipolar Modified Dual-Slope ADC 163

S-D ADCs   165

   Simple mC-Based S-D ADCs 167

   Σ-Δ ADC Dynamics 172

ADC Input Ranging 173

   Two-Resistor Bipolar-to-Unipolar Conversion 174

   General Bipolar-to-Unipolar Conversion 175

   Design Procedure 177

Noise Rejection and Integration Time 179

Voltage-to-Frequency Converters   181

Parallel and Recursive Conversion Techniques   186

Time-Domain Sampling Theory   190

Frequency-Domain Sampling Theory   193

The Sampling Theorem (Nyquist Criterion)   200 

Sampling Circuits   204

Switched-Capacitor Circuits   209

Closure    211

 

Index A-Z 212

 

216 numbered pages

222 printed and total pages

 

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