Classification of Power Converters 1
Basic Switched Converter Function 3
Notation and Terminology 4
Magnetic or Electric Energy Storage 6
Waveforms and Optimization 8
Converter Design Considerations 12
Power Transfer Circuit and Waveforms 13
Magnetics 14
Parasitic Resonances 16
Control 18
The PWM-Switch 20
PWM-Switch Configurations 21
CP (Buck) Configuration 23
CA (Boost) Configuration 25
CL Configuration 26
Configuration Characteristics 26
Transistor and PWM-Switch Analogs 28
Power-Transfer Circuit Waveforms 31
PWM-Switch Power Flows 32
Inductor Power 32
Forward Power-Transfer Circuits 35
Forward Circuit with Deflux Winding 41
CP Chopper Switch Voltage Clamp 44
Series-Switch Forward Circuit 47
Multiple Outputs 49
Distributed Forward Circuit 49
Distributed-Inductor CP Circuit 51
Interleaved Circuits 52
Full-Bridge CP Circuit 54
Secondary Rectifier Circuits 56
Half-Bridge CP Circuit 60
Half-Bridge Flux-Charge Balance 68
Half-Bridge Peak-Current Stabilization 70
Incremental CCM Model 72
Half-Bridge Dynamic Stability 75
Complementary Forward Circuit 77
Push-Pull CP Circuits 79
CP High-Side Push-Pull Circuit 83
Series-Switch and Push-Pull CPs 86
Push-Pull Chopper 87
Push-Pull Switch Voltage Clamp 88
CA Circuit Power Flow 92
Current-Driven Half-Bridge Circuit 91
Tapped CA-CL Circuits 95
Distributed-Inductor CA Circuit 99
Boost Push-Pull Circuit 101
Optimal Form Factors 106
Optimal BPP Duty-Ratio 108
BPP Maximum Δλ 111
BPP Magnetics Design Power 112
BPP Inductor-Transformer Minimization 113
BPP Open-Circuit Fault 115
Boost Push-Pull with Three Switches 117
Interleaved BPP Circuit 119
Series-Switch CL Circuit 125
Isolated CL - The Flyback Circuit 124
Flyback Average Currents 133
Flyback Circuit Energy 135
Flyback Circuit with Deflux Winding 137
RC Leakage-Inductance Clamps 140
Minimalist Flyback Circuit 145
Off-Grid Flyback Circuit 151
Flyback Charger Design 157
Minimum-Time CCM Charger Design 159
Charger Control 159
Duty-Ratio Range and Turns Ratio 161
Current Ratcheting at Low Vo 163
CCM Charger toff (vO) 167
PG1 Flyback Charger 169
Off-Time Generator Circuit 170
Variable-Frequency Charging Time 174
Fixed-Frequency Charger Design 175
CCM Charging Dynamics 177
DCM Charging Dynamics 178
Total Fixed-Frequency Charging Dynamics 179
Time-Averaged Versus Voltage-Range-Averaged Currents 180
DCM Flyback Duty-Ratio Optimization 181
Distributed Flyback Circuit 188
Complementary CCM Flyback Circuit 189
Active-Tapped CA-CL Circuit 192
Parallel Active-Tapped CA-CL Circuit 196
Passive-Tapped CA-CL Circuit 200
Flyback CP-CL Dual-Output Circuit 203
Forward CP-CL Circuit Example 208
Active-Tapped CL Chopper 213
Multi-Stage PWM-Switch Circuits 219
Topological Development of Ćuk Circuit 221
Ćuk-Circuit Transfer Ratio 223
Ćuk-Switch Configurations 224
Ćuk-Switch CS 225
Ćuk-Switch CA 226
Ćuk-Switch CP 227
Four-Terminal Ćuk-Switch Circuits 229
SEPIC Configuration 233
Inverse Ćuk (–Ćuk) Circuit 234
Inverted-SEPIC (–SEPIC) 236
Ćuk-Switch Power Flow 237
Recirculation of Power 239
Reactance Power Ratings over Vg Range 241
Design Example 244
Ćuk-Switch Capacitor Voltage Ripple 246
Ćuk Circuit Design Equations 248
Ćuk Circuit with Multiple Transductors 251
SEPIC Circuit Design Equations 252
Switch-Tapped SEPICs 257
Primary Switch-Tapped SEPIC 258
Secondary Switch-Tapped SEPIC 260
Dual Switch-Tapped SEPIC 262
Boosted Dual Switch-Tapped SEPIC 265
Cc-Tapped SEPICs 267
Tapped SEPIC with Multiple Outputs 271
Push-Pull SEPIC 273
Ćuk-Switch Multistage Circuits 275
Ćuk-Switch Dual-Mode Circuits 278
Ćuk-Switch SEPIC-CP Circuit 280
Multiple Output –Ćuk, –SEPIC 283
Ćuk-Switch 1 – D/D’ Circuits 285
Ćuk-Switch and Push-Pull Performance 287
Isolated Ćuk-Switch CS Circuit 290
Isolated Ćuk-Switch CP Circuit 295
Isolated SEPIC Circuit 296
Primary-Tapped IsoĆuk Circuit 296
Secondary-Tapped SEPIC Circuit 300
Coupled Inductor
and Transformer Behaviors 302
Transductor Current Steering 30?
Transductor Circuit Model 304
Constant-Current Transductor Conditions 308
Ripple-Steered PWM-Switch Circuits 311
Four Levels of Current-Steering Analysis 314
Ćuk Circuit with Constant Port Currents 315
Flyback Secondary-Side Ripple Steering 321
Flyback Primary-Side Ripple Steering 327
Series Inductance Notch Reduction 332
IsoĆuk Circuit with Series Inductance 333
BPP (CA) Coupled Series Inductance 335
Weinberg (CP) Circuit 337
Forward (CP) Secondary Ripple Steering 339
Ripple Current in Ćuk-Switch Cc 339
Zero-Power Switching 343
Resonance 348
Resonant Horizontal Flyback Circuit 352
Constant-toff ZVS QR CP Circuit 355
ZCS QR CP Circuit 356
Multiresonant Circuits 358
Resonant Series-Switch Forward Circuit 363
Half-Bridge Series-L QR Circuit 366
Series-Inductor ZCS-DCM Circuit 369
ZCS Secondary Behavior 371
DCM Resonance 376
Current Waveform 377
Peak, Average, and RMS Currents 380
DCM-CCM Boundary 383
Maximum Output Power 384
Incremental Gain 386
Incremental Output Resistance 389
Inductance Moved to Primary Circuit 390
Performance Evaluation 390
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